Publications

Books

1. Raine, A. (1993) The psychopathology of crime: Criminal behavior as a clinical disorder. San Diego: Academic Press. (CLICK HERE)

2. Raine, A., Lencz, T. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds.) (1995). Schizotypal personality disorder. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (CLICK HERE)

3. Raine, A., Brennan, P., Farrington, D.P. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds.) (1997). Biosocial bases of violence. New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

4. Raine, A. and Sanmartin, J. (Eds.) (2000). Violencia y psicopatia. Barcelona: Ariel.
also published in English: Raine, A., and Sanmartin, J. (Ed). (2001) Violence and psychopathy. New York: Kluwer/Plenum.

5. Raine, A. (Ed.) (in press). Crime and schizophrenia: Causes and cures. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Journal Articles and Book Chapters

1. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1981). Classical conditioning and socialization - A biosocial interaction? Personality and Individual Differences 2 273-283. (CLICK HERE)

2. Raine, A., Roger, D. and Venables, P.H. (1981). The factorial validity of the CNS-IE. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 41 758-765. (CLICK HERE)

3. Raine, A., Mitchell, D.A. and Venables, P.H. (1981). Cortical augmenting-reducing - modality-specific? Psychophysiology 18 700-708. (CLICK HERE)

4. Raine, A., Roger, D. and Venables, P.H. (1982). Locus of control and socialization. Journal of Research in Personality 16 147-156. (CLICK HERE)

5. Hulme, C., Smart, A., Moran, G. and Raine, A. (1983). Visual kinesthetic and cross-modal development: Relationships to motor skill development. Perception 12 477-483. (CLICK HERE)

6. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1984). Electrodermal non- responding, schizoid tendencies, and antisocial behavior in adolescents. Psychophysiology 21 424-433. (CLICK HERE)

7. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1984). Tonic heart rate level, social class, and antisocial behavior. Biological Psychology 18 123-132. (CLICK HERE)

8. Roger, R. and Raine, A. (1984). Stimulus intensity control and personality: A research note. Current Psychological Research 3 43-47. (CLICK HERE)

9. Raine, A. (1985). A psychometric assessment of Hare's Checklist on an English prison population. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 24 247-258. (CLICK HERE)

10. Raine, A. (1986). Psychopathy, schizoid personality, and borderline/schizotypal personality disorders. Personality and Individual Differences 7 493-501. (CLICK HERE)

11. Andrews, H., Cooper, J., Barber, C. and Raine, A. (1987). Early somatosensory evoked potentials in schizophrenia: Symptom pattern, clinical outcomes, and interhemispheric functioning. In R. Takahashi, P. Flor-Henry, and J. Gruzelier (Ed.). Cerebral dynamics, laterality, and psychopathology (pp.175-186). Amsterdam: Elsevier. (CLICK HERE)

12. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1987). Contingent negative variation, P3 evoked potentials, and antisocial behavior. Psychophysiology 24 191-199. (CLICK HERE)

13. Raine, A. and Jones, F. (1987). Attention, autonomic arousal, and personality in behaviorally disordered children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 15 583-599. (CLICK HERE)

14. Venables, P.H. and Raine, A. (1987). Biological theory. In B. McGurk, D. Thornton and M. Williams (Eds.) Applying psychology to imprisonment: Theory and practice. (pp. 3-28). London: HMSO. (CLICK HERE)

15. Raine, A. (1987). Validation of schizoid personality scales using indices of schizotypal and borderline personality disorder in a criminal population. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 26 305-309. (CLICK HERE)

16. Raine, A. (1987). Effect of early environment on electrodermal and cognitive correlates of schizotypy and psychopathy in criminals. International Journal of Psychophysiology 4 277-287. (CLICK HERE)

17. Raine, A. (1988). Antisocial behavior and evoked potentials. In T.E. Moffitt and S.A. Mednick (Eds.) Biological contributions to crime causation (pp. 14-39), Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff. (CLICK HERE)

18. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1988). Enhanced P3 evoked potentials during a continuous performance task in psychopaths. Psychophysiology 25 30-38. (CLICK HERE)

19. Raine, A. (1988). Psychopathy: A single or dual concept? Personality and Individual Differences 9 825-827. (CLICK HERE)

20. Raine, A. (1988). Antisocial behavior and social psychophysiology. In H. Wagner (Ed.) Social psychophysiology and emotion: Theory and clinical application (pp. 231-253). London: Wiley. (CLICK HERE)

21. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1988). Skin conductance responsivity in psychopaths to orienting, defensive, and consonant-vowel stimuli. Journal of Psychophysiology 2 221-225.(CLICK HERE)

22. Raine, A. and Manders, D. (1988). Schizoid personality, inter-hemispheric transfer, and left hemisphere over-activation. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 27 333-347. (CLICK HERE)

23. Raine, A., Christie, M. and Gale, A. (1988). Relationship of lateral eye movements recorded in the dark to verbal and spatial question types. Neuropsychologia 26 937-941. (CLICK HERE)

24. Christie, M. and Raine, A. (1988). Lateralized hemispheric activity in relation to personality and degree course. Personality and Individual Differences 9 957-964. (CLICK HERE)

25. Raine, A., Andrews, H., Sheard, C., Walder, C. and Manders, D. (1989). Interhemispheric transfer in schizophrenics, depressives, and normals with schizoid tendencies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 98 35-41. (CLICK HERE)

26. Raine, A. and Allbutt, J. (1989). Factors of schizoid personality. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 28 31-40. (CLICK HERE)

27. Raine, A. (1989). Evoked potentials and psychopathy. International Journal of Psychophysiology 8 1-16. (CLICK HERE)

28. Raine, A. and Mednick, S.A. (1989). Biosocial longitudinal research into antisocial behavior. Review d'Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique 37 515-524 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

29. Raine, A. (1989). Evoked potential models of psychopathy: A critical evaluation. International Journal of Psychophysiology 8 29-34. (CLICK HERE)

30. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1990). Evoked potential augmenting-reducing in psychopaths and criminals with poor smooth-pursuit eye movements. Psychiatry Research 31 85-98. (CLICK HERE)

31. Venables, P.H., Wilkins, S., Mitchell, D.A., Raine, A., and Bailes, K. (1990). A scale for the measurement of schizotypy. Personality and Individual Differences 11 481-495. (CLICK HERE)

32. Raine, A. and Dunkin, J.J. (1990). The genetic and psychophysiological basis of antisocial behavior: Implications for counseling and therapy. Journal of Counseling and Development 68 637-644 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

33. Raine, A., Venables, P.H., and Williams, M. (1990). Autonomic orienting responses in 15-year-old male subjects and criminal behavior at age 24. American Journal of Psychiatry 147 933-937. (CLICK HERE)

34. Raine, A., O'Brien, M., Smiley, N., Scerbo, A. and Chan, C.J. (1990). Reduced lateralization in verbal dichotic listening in adolescent psychopaths. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 99 272-277. (CLICK HERE)

35. Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Williams, M. (1990). Relationships between CNS and ANS measures of arousal at age 15 and criminality at age 24. Archives of General Psychiatry 47 1003-1007. (findings also reported and discussed in Science, 2000, 287 423). (CLICK HERE)

36. Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Williams, M. (1990). Relationships between N1, P300 and CNV recorded at age 15 and criminal behavior at age 24. Psychophysiology 27 567-575. (CLICK HERE)

37. Scerbo, A., Raine, A., O'Brien, M., Chan, C.J., Rhee, C. and Smiley, N. (1990). Reward dominance and passive avoidance learning in adolescent psychopaths. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 18 451-463. (CLICK HERE)

38. Raine, A., Harrison, G., Reynolds, G.P., Sheard, S., Cooper, J.E. and Medley, I. (1990). Structural and functional characteristics of the corpus callosum in schizophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normal controls: An MRI and neuropsychological evaluation. Archives of General Psychiatry 47 1060-1064. (CLICK HERE)

39. Raine, A., Hulme, C., Chadderton, H. and Bailey, P. (1991). Verbal short-term memory in speech disordered children: Implications for articulatory coding in short-term memory. Child Development 62 415-423. (CLICK HERE)

40. Raine, A. and Cannon, T.D. (1991). Neuro-developmental, brain imaging, and psychophysiological perspective on the neuropsychology of schizophrenia. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 43-44. (CLICK HERE)

41. Raine, A. (1991). Are lateral eye movements a valid index of functional hemispheric asymmetries? British Journal of Psychology 82 129-135. (CLICK HERE)

42. Raine, A., and Scerbo, A. (1991). Biological theories of violence. In J.S. Milner (Ed.) Neuropsychology of aggression (pp. 1-26). Boston: Kluwer Academic. (CLICK HERE)

43. Raine, A. (1991). The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) : A measure of schizotypal personality based on DSM-III-R criteria. Schizophrenia Bulletin 17 555-564. (CLICK HERE)

44. Raine, A., Reynolds, G. and Sheard, C. (1991). Neuroanatomical mediators of electrodermal activity in normal human subjects: A magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychophysiology 28 548-558. (CLICK HERE)

45. Kim, D., Raine, A., Tryphon, N. and Green, M.F. (1992). Mixed handedness and schizotypal personality in a non-clinical sample. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 180 131-133. (CLICK HERE)

46. Raine, A. (1992). Sex differences in schizotypal personality in a non-clinical population. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 101 361-364. (CLICK HERE)

47. Scerbo, A., Freedman, L., Raine, A., Dawson, M. and Venables P.H. (1992). A major effect of recording site on measurement of electrodermal activity. Psychophysiology 29 241-246. (CLICK HERE)

48. Cannon, T.D., Raine, A., Herman, T., Mednick, S.A., Schulsinger, F, and Moore, M. (1992). Third ventricle enlargement and lower heart rate levels in a high-risk sample. Psychophysiology 29 294-301. (CLICK HERE)

49. Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (1992). Antisocial behavior: Evolution, genetics, neuropsychology, and psychophysiology. In A. Gale and M. Eysenck (Eds.) Handbook of individual differences: Biological perspectives. London: Wiley. (CLICK HERE)

50. Raine, A. (1992). Schizotypal and borderline features in psychopathic criminals. Personality and Individual Differences 13 717-722. (CLICK HERE)

51. Raine, A., Lencz, T., Reynolds, G.P., Harrison, G., Sheard, S., Medley, I., Reynolds, L.M. and Cooper, J.E. (1992). An evaluation of structural and functional prefrontal deficits in schizophrenia: MRI and neuropsychological measures. Psychiatry Research 45 123-137. (CLICK HERE)

52 Raine, A., Sheard, S., Reynolds, G.P., and Lencz, T. (1992). Pre-frontal structural and functional deficits associated with individual differences in schizotypal personality Schizophrenia Research 7 237-247. (CLICK HERE)

53. Lencz, T., Raine, A., Scerbo, A., Holt, L., Redmon, M. Brodish, S., and Bird, L. (1993). Impaired eye tracking in undergraduates with schizotypal personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 150 152-154.

54. Raine, A. (1993). Features of borderline personality and violence. Journal of Clinical Psychology 49 277-281. (CLICK HERE)

55. Raine, A. and Lencz, T. (1993). Brain imaging research on electrodermal activity in humans. In J.C. Roy, W. Boucsein, D.C. Fowles and J.H. Gruzelier (Eds.) Progress in electrodermal research. (pp. 115-136). New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

56. Raine, A. (1993). Violence and biology - Theory and findings. In L. Klose (Ed.). Proceedings of the Fourth Symposium on Violence and Aggression (pp. 1-28). University of Saskatchewan: Saskatoon. (CLICK HERE)

57. Mills, S. and Raine, A. (1994). Brain imaging and violence. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 21 145-158 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

58. Raine, A., Reynolds, C, Lencz, T., Scerbo, A., Triphon, N. and Kim, D. (1994). Cognitive - perceptual, interpersonal and disorganized features of schizotypal personality. Schizophrenia Bulletin 20 191-201. (CLICK HERE)

59. Gruzelier, J. and Raine, A. (1994). Bilateral electrodermal activity and cerebral mechanisms in syndromes of schizophrenia and the schizotypal personality. International Journal of Psychophysiology 16 1-16. (CLICK HERE)

60. Miczeck, K.A., Mirsky, A, Carey, G., DeBold, J. and Raine, A (1994). An overview of biological influences on violent behavior (pp. 1-20). In A.J. Reiss, K.A. Miczeck and J.A. Roth (Eds). Understanding and preventing violence: Vol. 2 - Biobehavioral influences Washington D.C.: National Academy Press. (CLICK HERE)

61. Freedman, L.W., Scerbo, A.S., Dawson, M.E., Raine, A., McClure, W.O. and Venables, P.H. (1994). The relationship of sweat gland count to electrodermal activity. Psychophysiology 31 196-200. (CLICK HERE)

62. Raine, A., Brennan, P., and Mednick, S.A. (1994). Birth complications combined with early maternal rejection at age 1 year predispose to violent crime at age 18 years. Archives of General Psychiatry 51 984-988 (findings also reported and discussed in Science 1994, 263 1375, Science 1994 265 171, and Science 1994 265 1159). (CLICK HERE)

63. Raine, A., Buchsbaum, M.S., Stanley, J., Lottenberg, S., Abel, L. and Stoddard, J. (1994). Selective reductions in pre-frontal glucose metabolism in murderers. Biological Psychiatry 36 365-373. (also reprinted in J.A. Talbott (Ed.) The Yearbook of Psychiatry and Applied Mental Health St. Louis: Mosby, 1996) (see also correspondence in Biological Psychiatry 1995 38 342-343). (CLICK HERE)

64. Raine, A., Lencz, T. and Scerbo, A. (1995). Antisocial personality: Neuroimaging, neuropsychology, neurochemistry, and psychophysiology. In John H. Ratey (Ed.). Neuropsychiatry of Behavior Disorders (pp. 50-78). Oxford: Blackwell. (CLICK HERE)

65. Holt, L. E., Raine, A., Pa, G., Schneider, L.S., Henderson, V.W. and Pollock, V.E. (1995). P300 topography in Alzheimer's disease. Psychophysiology 32 257-265. (CLICK HERE)

66. Gruzelier, J., Burgess, A., Stygall, J., Irving, G. and Raine, A. (1995). Patterns of cognitive asymmetry and syndromes of schizotypal personality. Psychiatry Research 56 71-79. (CLICK HERE)

67. Raine, A., Lencz, T., and Benishay, D. (1995). Schizotypal personality and skin conductance orienting. In A. Raine, T. Lencz, and S.A. Mednick (Eds). Schizotypal Personality Disorder (pp. 219-249). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (CLICK HERE)

68. Lencz, T., Raine, A., Benishay, D., Mills, S. and Bird, L. (1995). Neuropsychological abnormalities associated with schizotypal personality. In A. Raine, T. Lencz, and S.A. Mednick (Eds). Schizotypal Personality Disorder (pp. 289-328). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (CLICK HERE)

69. Raine, A. and Lencz, T. (1995). Conceptual and methodological issues in schizotypal personality research. In A. Raine, T. Lencz, and S.A. Mednick (Eds). Schizotypal Personality Disorder (pp. 3-18). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (CLICK HERE)

70. Lencz, T. and Raine, A. (1995). Schizotypal personality: Synthesis and future directions. In A. Raine, T. Lencz, and S.A. Mednick (Eds). Schizotypal Personality Disorder (pp. 429-462). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (CLICK HERE)

71. Scerbo, A, Raine, A., Venables, P.H, and Mednick, S.A. (1995). The stability of inhibited / uninhibited temperament from ages 3 to 11 years in Mauritian children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 23 607-618. (CLICK HERE)

72. Margolin, G., Gordis, E.B., Oliver, P.J. and Raine, A (1995). A physiologically based typology of batterers: Promising but preliminary. Journal of Family Psychology 9 253-263. (CLICK HERE)

73. Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Williams, M. (1995). High autonomic arousal and electrodermal orienting at age 15 years as protective factors against criminal behavior at age 29 years. American Journal of Psychiatry 152 1595-1600. (findings also reported and discussed in Science 1995 270 1123-1125). (CLICK HERE)

74. Raine, A. and Benishay, D. (1995). The SPQ-B: A brief screening instrument for schizotypal personality disorder. Journal of Personality Disorders 9 346-355. (CLICK HERE)

75. Brekke, J., Raine, A. and Thomson, C. (1995). Cognitive and psychophysiological correlates of positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms in the schizophrenia spectrum. Psychiatry Research 57 241-250. (CLICK HERE)

76. Raine, A (1995). Psychopathy and violence: arousal, temperament, birth complications, maternal rejection, and prefrontal dysfunction. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 571-573. (CLICK HERE)

77. Raine, A., Brennan, P., Mednick, B. and Mednick, S.A. (1996). High rates of violence, crime, academic problems, and behavioral problems in males with both early neuromotor deficits and unstable family environments. Archives of General Psychiatry 53 544-549. (CLICK HERE)

78. Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Williams, M. (1996). Better autonomic conditioning and faster electrodermal half-recovery time at age 15 years as possible protective factors against crime at age 29 years. Developmental Psychology 32 624-630. (CLICK HERE)

79. Raine, A. (1996). Autonomic nervous system factors underlying disinhibited, antisocial, and violent behavior: Biosocial perspectives and treatment implications. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 794 46-59. (CLICK HERE)

80. Raine, A. and Buchsbaum, M.S. (1996). Violence and brain imaging. In D.M. Stoff and R.B. Cairns (Eds.). Neurobiological approaches to clinical aggression research (pp. 195-218). Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum. (CLICK HERE)

81. Raine, A. (1996). Autonomic nervous system activity and violence. In D.M. Stoff and R.B. Cairns (Eds.). Neurobiological approaches to clinical aggression research (pp. 145-168). Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum. (CLICK HERE)

82. Lencz, T., Raine, A., and Sheard, C. (1996). Neuroanatomical bases of electrodermal hypo-responding: A cluster analytic study. International Journal of Psychophysiology 22 141-153. (CLICK HERE)

83. Raine, A., Benishay, D., Lencz, T., Scarpa, A.. (1997). Abnormal orienting in schizotypal personality disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 23 75-82. (CLICK HERE)

84. Brekke, J., Raine, A., Ansel, M., Lencz, T. and Bird, L. (1997). Neuropsychological and psychophysiological correlates of psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia Schizophrenia Bulletin 23 19-28. (CLICK HERE)

85. Tan, S., Raine, A., Cannon, T.D., Parnas, J., Schulsinger, F. and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Childhood behavioral precursors of schizotypal personality disorder. Schizophrenia Bulletin 23 93-103. (CLICK HERE)

86. Scarpa, A., Raine, A, Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Heart rate and skin conductance in behaviorally inhibited Mauritian children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 106 182-190. (CLICK HERE)

87. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (1997). Psychophysiology of anger and violent behavior. Psychiatric Clinics of North America 20 375-394 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

88. Brennan, P.A., Raine, A., Schulsinger, F., Kirkegaard-Sorensen, L., Knop, J., Hutchings, B., Rosenberg, R., and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Psychophysiological protective factors for male subjects at high risk for criminal behavior. American Journal of Psychiatry 154 853-855. (CLICK HERE)

89. Raine, A., Buchsbaum, M.S., and La Casse, L. (1997). Brain abnormalities in murderers indicated by positron emission tomography. Biological Psychiatry 42 495-508. (findings also reported and discussed in Nature (2001) 410 297; Science (2001) 289 574, 575, 578-579). (CLICK HERE)

90. Raine, A., Brennan, P.A., and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Interaction between birth complications and early maternal rejection in predisposing to adult violence: Specificity to serious, early onset violence. American Journal of Psychiatry 154 1265-1271. (CLICK HERE)

91. Raine, A. (1997). Psychophysiology and antisocial behavior: A biosocial perspective and a prefrontal dysfunction hypothesis. In D. Stoff, J. Breiling, and J.D. Maser (Eds). Handbook of antisocial behavior (pp. 289-304). New York: Wiley.

92. Raine, A., Brennan, P., and Farrington, D.P. (1997). Biosocial bases of violence: Conceptual and theoretical issues. In Raine, A., Brennan, P.A., Farrington, D.P. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds). Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 1-20). New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

93. Raine, A., Reynolds, C., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Biosocial bases of aggressive behavior in childhood: Resting heart rate, skin conductance orienting, and physique. In Raine, A., Brennan, P.A., Farrington, D.P. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds). Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 107-126). New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

94. Stoddard, J., Raine, A., Bihrle, S. and Buchsbaum, M.S. (1997). Prefrontal dysfunction in murderers without psychosocial deficits. In Raine, A., Brennan, P., Farrington, D.P. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds). Biosocial bases of violence (301-304). New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

95. Brennan, P., Mednick, S.A. and Raine, A. (1997). Biosocial interactions and violence: A focus on perinatal factors. In Raine, A., Brennan, P., Farrington, D.P. and Mednick, S.A. (Eds). Biosocial bases of violence (pp. 163-174). New York: Plenum. (CLICK HERE)

96. Raine, A. (1997). Crime, conditioning, and arousal. In H. Nyborg (Ed). The scientific study of human nature: Tribute to Hans J. Eysenck (pp. 122-141). Oxford: Elsevier. (CLICK HERE)

97. Scarpa, A.S. and Raine, A. (1997). Biology of wickedness. Psychiatric Annals 27 624-629 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

98. Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (1997). Low resting heart rate at age 3 years predisposes to aggression at age 11 years: Findings from the Mauritius Joint Child Health Project. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 36 1457-1464 (findings also reported and discussed in Science (1997) 278 391; and Science (2000) 289 581). (CLICK HERE)

99. Brennan, P.A., and Raine, A. (1997). Biosocial bases of antisocial behavior: Psychophysiological, neurological, and cognitive factors. Psychophysiological protective factors for males at high risk for crime. Clinical Psychology Review 17 589-604. (CLICK HERE)

100. Raine, A., Stoddard, J., Bihrle, S. and Buchsbaum, M.S. (1998). Prefrontal glucose deficits in murderers lacking psychosocial deprivation Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology 11 1-7. (CLICK HERE)

101. Raine, A., Reynolds, C., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A., and Farrington, D.P. (1998). Fearlessness, stimulation-seeking, and large body size at age 3 years as early predispositions to childhood aggression at age 11 years. Archives of General Psychiatry 55 745-751. (CLICK HERE)

102. Raine, A., Meloy, J.R., Bihrle, S., Stoddard, J., Lacasse, L. and Buchsbaum, M.S. (1998). Reduced prefrontal and increased subcortical brain functioning assessed using positron emission tomography in predatory and affective murderers. Behavioral Sciences and the Law 16 319-332 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

103. Raine, A. and Liu, J.H. (1998). Biological predispositions to violence and their implications for biosocial treatment and prevention. Psychology, Crime and Law 4 107-125 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

104. Liu, J.J. and Raine, A. (1999). Early health prevention of violence. In R. Gottesman and M. Mazon (Eds). Encyclopedia of violence in the United States New York: Charles Scribner. (CLICK HERE)

105. Raine, A., Bihrle, S., Venables, P.H., Mednick, S.A., and Pollock, V. (1999). Reduced skin conductance orienting deficits and increased alcoholism in schizotypal criminals. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 108 299-306. (CLICK HERE)

106. Yaralian, P. and Raine, A. (1999). Brain imaging. In R. Gottesman and M. Mazon (Eds). Encyclopedia of violence in the United States New York: Charles Scribner. (CLICK HERE)

107. Raine, A. (1999). Murderous minds: Can we see the mark of Cain? Cerebrum 1 15-30. (CLICK HERE)

108. Ishikawa, S. and Raine, A. (1999). Temperament and violence. In R. Gottesman and M. Mazon (Eds). Encyclopedia of violence in the United States (pp. 278-280). New York: Charles Scribner. (CLICK HERE)

109. Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., Lacasse, L., and Colletti, P. (2000). Reduced prefrontal gray matter volume and reduced autonomic activity in antisocial personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 57 119-127 (Designated by ISI as the most-cited paper in Psychiatry/Psychology, Jan. 2002. Findings also discussed in editorial by A. Damasio (2000) A neural basis for sociopathy Archives of General Psychiatry 57 128-129; findings discussed and reported in Science (2001) 289 574, 575, 579; Nature (2001) 410 297; Archives of General Psychiatry (2001) 58 402-403; also reprinted in J.T. Cacioppo et al. (2002) (eds.) Foundations in social neuroscience (pp. 1023-1036). Cambridge: MIT Press; reprinted in G.J. Boyle and D.H. Saklofske (2003) (eds.) Psychology and individual differences. London: Sage). (CLICK HERE--article) (CLICK HERE--editorial)

110. Gatzke, L.M. and Raine, A. (2000). Treatment and prevention implications of Antisocial Personality Disorder. Current Psychiatry Reports 2 51-55 (editorial invitation). (CLICK HERE)

111. Scarpa, A.S. and Raine, A. (2000). Violence associated with anger and impulsivity. In J. Borod (Ed). The neuropsychology of emotion (pp. 320-339). New York: Oxford University Press. (CLICK HERE)

112. Reynolds, C.A., Raine, A., Mellingen, K., Venables, P.J. and Mednick, S.A. (2000). Three factor model of schizotypal personality: Invariance across culture, gender, religious affiliation, family adversity, and psychopathology. Schizophrenia Bulletin 26 603-618. (CLICK HERE)

113. Yaralian, P., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Hooley, J., Bihrle, S.E., Mills, S., and Ventura, J. (2000). Elevated levels of cognitive-perceptual deficits in individuals with a family history of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Schizophrenia Research 46 57-63. (CLICK HERE)

114. Yaralian, P. and Raine, A. (2000). Schizotypal personality and skin conductance orienting. In C. Klein (Ed). Schizotypal personality.

115. Yaralian, P. and Raine, A. (2001). Biological approaches to crime: Psychophysiology and brain dysfunction In R. Paternoster and R. Bachman (Eds.). Explaining criminals and crime: Essays in contemporary criminological theory (pp. 57-72). Los Angeles: Roxbury. (CLICK HERE)

116. Raine, A., Venables, P.H., Dalais, Cyril, Mellingen, K., Reynolds, C., and Mednick, S.A. (2001). Early educational and health enrichment at age 3-5 years is associated with increased autonomic and central nervous system arousal and orienting at age 11 years: Evidence from the Mauritius Child Health Project. Psychophysiology 38 254-266. (CLICK HERE)

117. Raine, A. Park, S., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., LaCasse, L., Widom, C.S., Al-Dayeh, L., and Singh, M. (2001). Reduced right hemisphere activation in severely abused violent offenders during a working memory task: An fMRI study. Aggressive Behavior 27 111-129. (CLICK HERE)

118. Ishikawa, S.S., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., and Lacasse, L. (2001). Autonomic stress reactivity and executive functions in successful and unsuccessful criminal psychopaths from the community. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 110 423 – 432. (CLICK HERE)

119. Luczak, S.E., Raine, A. and Venables, P.H. (2001). Invariance of the MAST across religions Journal of Studies on Alcohol 62 834-837. (CLICK HERE)

120. Ishikawa, S. S., Raine, A. Lencz, T. Bihrle, S. and Lacasse, L. (2001). Increased height and bulk in antisocial personality disorder and its subtypes. Psychiatry Research 105 211-219. (CLICK HERE)

121. Gatzke-Kopp, L.M., Raine, A., Buchsbaum, M. and Lacasse, L. (2001). Temporal lobe EEG deficits in murderers: EEG findings undetected by PET. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 13 486-491. (CLICK HERE)

122. Raine, A. (2002). The biological basis of crime. In J.Q. Wilson and J. Petersilia (Eds.). Crime: Public Policies For Crime Control (pp. 43-74). San Francisco: ICS Press. (CLICK HERE)

123. Raine, A., Yaralian, P.S., Reynolds, C., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (2002). Spatial but not verbal cognitive deficits at age 3 years in persistently antisocial individuals. Development and Psychopathology 14 25-44. (CLICK HERE)

124. Raine, A. and Green, M. (2002). Schizophrenia and schizotypal personality: A tribute to Peter H. Venables. Schizophrenia Research 54 1-5. (CLICK HERE)

125. Raine, A., Venables, P.H., Mednick, S.A. and Mellingen, K. (2002). Increased physiological arousal and orienting at ages 3 and 11 years in persistently schizotypal adults. Schizophrenia Research 54 77-85 (also reprinted in G.J. Boyle and D.H. Saklofske (2003) (eds.) Psychology and individual differences. London: Sage). (CLICK HERE)

126. Raine, A., Reynolds, C., Venables, P.H., and Mednick, S.A. (2002). Stimulation-seeking and intelligence: A prospective longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82 663-674. (also reprinted in G.J. Boyle and D.H. Saklofske (2003) (eds.) Psychology and individual differences. London: Sage). (CLICK HERE)

127. Raine, A. (2002). Annotation: The role of prefrontal deficits, low autonomic arousal, and early health factors in the development of antisocial and aggressive behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 43 417-434. (CLICK HERE)

128. Ishikawa, S. and Raine, A. (2002). Behavioral genetics and crime. In J. Glicksohn (Ed.) The neurobiology of criminal behavior. (pp. 81-110). Norwell, MA: Kluwer. (CLICK HERE)

129. Ishikawa, S. and Raine, A. (2002). Psychophysiological correlates of antisocial behavior: A central control hypothesis. In J. Glicksohn (Ed.) The neurobiology of criminal behavior (pp. 187-230). Norwell, MA: Kluwer. (CLICK HERE)

130. Raine, A. (2002). Biosocial studies of antisocial and violent behavior in children and adults: A review. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 30 311-326. (CLICK HERE)

131. Moore, T.M., Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (2002). A meta-analysis of serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA and antisocial behavior. Aggressive Behavior 28 299-316. (CLICK HERE)

132. Gatzke-Kopp L., Raine, A., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Steinhauer, S.R. (2002). Serious delinquent behavior, sensation seeking, and electrodermal arousal. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 30 477-486. (CLICK HERE)

133. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (2002). The Psychophysiology of personality disorders. In H. D'haenen, J.A. den Boer, and P. Willner (eds.). Textbook of Biological Psychiatry (pp. 1361-1369). New York: Wiley. (CLICK HERE)

134. Baker, L.A., Barton, M. and Raine, A. (2002). The Southern California Twin Register at the University of Southern California. Twin Research 5 456-459. (CLICK HERE)

135. Raine, A., Lencz, T., Yaralian, P., Bihrle, S., LaCasse, L., Ventura, J. and Colletti, P. (2002). Prefrontal structural and functional deficits in schizotypal personality disorder Schizophrenia Bulletin 28 501-513. (CLICK HERE)

136. Ishikawa, S.S. and Raine, A. (2003). Prefrontal deficits and antisocial behavior: A causal model. In B.B. Lahey, T.E. Moffitt and A. Caspi (Eds). Causes of conduct disorder and juvenile delinquency (pp. 277-304). New York: Guilford. (CLICK HERE)

137. Liu, J., Raine, A., Venables, P.H., Dalais, C. and Mednick, S.A. (2003). Malnutrition at age 3 years and lower cognitive ability at age 11: Independence from social adversity. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine 157 593-600. (CLICK HERE)

138. Ishikawa, S. and Raine, A. (2003). The neuropsychiatry of aggression. In B.S. Fogel, R.B. Schiffer, and S.M. Rao (eds.) Neuropsychiatry (2nd ed.) (pp. 660-679). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. (CLICK HERE)

139. Raine, A., Mellingen, K., Liu, J., Venables, P.H., and Mednick, S.A. (2003) Effects of environmental enrichment at 3-5 years on schizotypal personality and antisocial behavior at ages 17 and 23 years. American Journal of Psychiatry 160 1627-1635. (CLICK HERE)

140. Raine, A. (2003). Malingering and criminal behavior as psychopathology. In P.W. Halligan, C. Bass, and D.A. Oakley (eds.) Malingering and illness deception (pp. 93-106). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (CLICK HERE)

141. Ishikawa, S.S. and Raine, A. (2003). Obstetric complications and later aggressive behavior. In R.E. Tremblay, Barr, R.G. and Peters R.D. (Eds) Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development. Quebec: Center of Excellence for Early Childhood Development. (CLICK HERE)

142. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (2003). The psychophysiology of antisocial behavior: Interactions with environmental experiences. In A. Walsh & L. Ellis (Eds.) Biosocial criminology: Challenging environmentalism’s supremacy. New York: Nova Science. (CLICK HERE)

143. Fossati, A., Raine, A., Carretta, H., Leonardi, B., and Maffei, M. (2003). The three-factor model of schizotypal personality: Invariance across age and gender. Personality and Individual Differences 35 1007-1019. (CLICK HERE)

144. Vanman, E.J., Mejia, V.Y., Dawson, M.E., Schell, A.M. and Raine, A. (2003). Modification of the startle reflex in a community sample: Do one or two dimensions of psychopathy underlie emotional processing? Personality and Individual Differences 35 2007-2021. (CLICK HERE)

145. Raine, A., Lencz, T., Taylor, K., Hellige, J.B., Bihrle, S., Lacasse, L., Lee, M., Ishikawa, S.S., and Colletti, P. (2003). Corpus callosum abnormalities in psychopathic antisocial individuals Archives of General Psychiatry 60 1134-1142. (CLICK HERE)

146. Raine, A., Ishikawa, S.S., Arce, E., Lencz, T., Knuth, K.H., Bihrle, S., Lacasse, L., and Colletti, P. (2004). Hippocampal structural asymmetry in unsuccessful psychopaths. Biological Psychiatry 55 185-191. (CLICK HERE)

147. Ortiz, J. and Raine, A. (2004). Heart rate level and antisocial behavior in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 43 154-162. (CLICK HERE)

148. Raine, A. and Chi, T. (2004). Biosocial factors (Factors biosociales). In J. Sanmartin (ed.) Manual of Violence (El Laberinto de la Violencia). Barcelona: Ariel Press.(CLICK HERE--CHAPTER 2) (CLICK HERE--CHAPTER 3)

149. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (2004). The psychophysiology of child misconduct Pediatric Annals 33 297-304.(CLICK HERE)

150. Liu, J.H., Raine, A., Venables, P.H., and Mednick, S.A. (2004). Malnutrition at age 3 years and externalizing behavior problems at ages 8, 11 and 17 years. American Journal of Psychiatry 161 2005-2013. (CLICK HERE)

151. Raine, A., Moffitt, T.E., Caspi, A., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., and Lynam, D. (2005). Neurocognitive impairments in boys on the life-course persistent antisocial path. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 114 38-49. (CLICK HERE)

152. Yang, Y., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., Lacasse, L., and Colletti, P. (2005). Volume reduction in prefrontal gray matter in unsuccessful criminal psychopaths. Biological Psychiatry 57 1103-1108. (CLICK HERE)

153. McBurnett, K., Raine, A., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Loeber, R., Kumar, A.M., Kumar, M. and Lahey, B.B., (2005). Mood and hormone responses to psychological challenge in adolescent males with conduct problems. Biological Psychiatry 57 1109-1116.

154. Fung, M.T., Raine, A., Loeber, R., Lynam, D.R., Steinhauer, S.R., Venables, P.H., and Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2005). Reduced electrodermal activity in psychopathy-prone adolescents Journal of Abnormal Psychology 114 187-196.

155. Raine, A. (2005). The interaction of biological and social measures in the explanation of antisocial and violent behavior. In D.M. Stoff and E.J. Susman (eds.). Developmental Psychobiology of Aggression (pp. 13-42). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

156. Lynam, D.R., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T.E., Raine, A. and Loeber, R., and Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2005). Adolescent psychopathy and the Big Five: Results from two samples Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 33 431-443.

157. Raine, A. (2005). De psychofysiologie en neurofysiologie van criminaliteit (The psychophysiology and neuropsychology of criminality). Tijdschrift voor Crimininologie 47 142-152.

158. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (in press). Antisocial Behavior, Psychophysiology, and Brain Mechanisms. In Randy J. Nelson (ed.). Biology of aggression. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

159. Fossatti, A., Raine, A. and Maffei, C. (in press). The taxonic structure of schizotypal personality in nonclinical subjects: Issues of replicability and age consistency. Psychiatry Research.

160. Scarpa, A. and Raine, A. (in press). Biosocial bases of violence. In D.J. Flannery (ed). Handbook of violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

161. Yang, Y.L., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bihrle, S., Lacasse, L., and Colletti, P. (2005). Prefrontal structural abnormalities in liars. British Journal of Psychiatry 187 320-325. (CLICK HERE)

162. Lynn, R., Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (in press). Sex differences in 3 year olds on the Boehm Test of Basic Concepts: Some data from Mauritius. Personality and Individual Differences 39 683-688.

163. Raine, A. and Yang, Y. (in press). The neuroanatomical bases of psychopathy: a review of brain imaging findings. In C. Patrick (ed.) Handbook of psychopathy. Guilford.

164. Loewy, R.L., Bearden, C.E., Johnson, J.K., Raine, A., and Cannon, T.D. (in press). The Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ): Preliminary Validation of a Self-Report Screening Measure for Prodromal Symptoms of Psychosis. Schizophrenia Research.

165. Venables, P.H., Raine, A., Mednick, S.A., Schulsinger, F., and Dalais, C. (in press). The Mauritius Child Health Project: Its origins, procedures, ethical problems and outcome. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

166. Raine, A., Liu, J., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (in press). Preventing crime and schizophrenia using early environmental enrichment. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

167. Venables, P.H., Raine, A., Dalais, C., Liu, J. and Mednick, S.A. (in press). Malnutrition as a risk factor for schizotypy. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

168. Raine, A., Baker, L. and Liu, J. (in press). Biological risk factors for antisocial and criminal behavior. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

169. Raine, A. (in press). Pursuing the relationship between crime and schizophrenia. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

170. Cannon, T.D. and Raine, A. (in press). Neuroanatomical and genetic influences on schizophrenia, crime and the schizophrenia-crime association. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

171. Liu, J., Raine, A., Venables, P.H., and Mednick, S.A. (in press). Malnutrition as a risk factor for externalizing behavior”. In Raine, A. (ed.). Crime and Schizophrenia. New York: Nova Science Publishers.

172. Raine, A., Dodge, K., Loeber, R., Gatzke-Kopp, L., Lynam, D., Reynolds, C., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., and Liu, J. (in press). The Reactive-Proactive Aggression (RPQ) Questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior.

173. Lynn, R., Raine, A., Venables, P.H. and Mednick, S.A. (in press). Sex differences on the WISC-R in Mauritius. Intelligence.